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Indian Journal of Weed Science


Print ISSN: 0253-8050
Online ISSN: 0974-8164

NAAS rating: 5.17

Chief Editor

J.S. Mishra
Dr. J.S. Mishra
Principal Scientist, Division of Crop Research,
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region,
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)
Mobile - +91 9494240904
Email- editorisws@gmail, jsmishra31@gmail.com

Associate editors

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Dr. Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Queensland Alliance for Agricultureand Food Innovation
Level 2, Queensland Bioscience Precinct
The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia
Email: b.chauhan@uq.edu.au
A.N. Rao
Dr. A.N. Rao
Hydarabad, INDIA
Mobile Number: +91 9440372165
Email: adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-53, ISSUE-1 March-(2021)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-51, ISSUE-4 December-(2019)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.
Read More

Guidelines for Authors

Indian Journal of Weed Science is a quarterly journal publishing original research article, research notes, opinion articles and review articles (invited or with prior approval of the title reflecting substantial contributions of the author) covering all areas of weed science research. All contributions must be of a sufficient quality to extend our knowledge in weed science.

The papers submitted should not have been published or communicated elsewhere. Authors will be solely responsible for the factual accuracy of their contribution. Manuscript should not carry any material already published in the same or different forms.

  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Format

Full length article should be suitably divided into the following sub-sections; ABSTRACT, Key words, INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and REFERENCES. The heading, introduction need not be mentioned in the text.

Title

The title of article should be informative but concise and should not contain abbreviations. It should indicate the content of the article essential for key word indexing and information retrieval. It should be set in small and bold letters. A good title briefly identifies the subject, indicates the purpose of study and introduces key terms and concepts. Title should not be started with the waste words like 'a study of', 'effect of', 'influence of' , 'some observations on', 'a note of' etc. The title should indicate preferably English name or most popular common name of the crops or organisms studied, wherever relevant. Scientific name can be given in abstract and introduction. Authority for such a name should be given at first mention in the text. A short title should be given for running headlines and should cover the main theme of the article.

Author(s) name(s) and affiliations

The name(s) of the author(s) should be given in small letters with sentence case separated by 'comma' or by 'and'. Institute name where the research was carried out should be given in italics. If authors are of different institutes, these can be mentioned by allotting number like 1, 2 or 3 as superscript over the name of author. The affiliation of such author may be given below of the corresponding author email address. Sometimes authors retire and change frequently and wish to give their current address, this should be given as foot note. Email address of main author or corresponding author should be given at the bottom.

Abstract

The abstract should contain at least one sentence on each of the following: objective of investigation (hypothesis, purpose, collection, result and conclusions). Give complete scientific name for plants or other organisms and full name of any symbol or abbreviations used. There is a need to mention place, name and priod of study in abstract. Emphasis should be given to highlight the results and the conclusion of the study. It should not exceed a total length of 200-250 words. Abstract should not have the words like 'will be explained or will be discussed'.

Key words

(5 6) should be given at the end of the abstract and should be arranged alphabetically. Each key word should be started with capital letter and separated by comma ( , ) from other words.

Introduction

Introduction should be brief and to the point, cover the problem and should justify the work or the hypothesis on which it is based. In introduction, a detail review is not necessary. However, to orient readers, important references about previous concepts and research should be given. It should briefly state the currently available information and should identify the research gap that is expected to be abridged through this investigation. Give preference to recent references from standard research publication unless it is of historical importance or a landmark in that field.

Materials and Methods

This part should begin with information relating to period/season/year and place of study, climate or weather conditions, soil type etc. Treatment details along with techniques and experimental design, replications, plot size etc. should be clearly indicated. Use of symbols for treatments may be avoided and an abbreviation should be fully explained at its first mention. Crop variety, methodology for application and common cultivation practices should be mentioned. Known methods may be just indicated giving reference but new techniques developed and followed should be described in detail. Methods can be divided into suitable sub-headings, typed in bold at first level and in italics at second level, if necessary.

Results and Discussion

Results may be reported and discussed together to avoid duplication. Do not mention and recite the data in the text as such given in the table. Instead interpret it suitably by indicating in terms of per cent, absolute change or any other derivations. Relate results to the objectives with suitable interpretation of the references given in the introduction. If results differ from the previous study, suitable interpretation and justification should be given. Repeated use of statements like 'our results are in agreement’ or ‘similar results were reported’ 'should be avoided. At the end of results and discussion, conclusion of the study should be given in 2-3 sentences along with suggestion for further study, if any. All statistical comparisons among treatments may be made at P=0.05 level of probability.

Acknowledgement

The authors may place on record the help and cooperation or any financial help received from any source, person or organization for this study. This should be very brief.

References

Only relevant and recent references of standard work should be quoted. Preference should be given to quote references of journals over proceedings or reports. In general, not more than 15 references should be quoted in full paper and 5 in short communication. However, in review article, emphasis should be given to quote more references with each valid statement/findings in the text. There is no need to give references for standard procedures of soil and plant analysis, and for routine statistical analysis in practice, only the methodology may be indicated. As a thumb rule, all the references quoted in the text must appear at the end of the article and vice-verse. It has been decided to use full name of the journal after the year 2011 onwards. Therefore, references should include names of all authors, year, full title of the article quoted, full name of the journal in italics (no abbreviations), volume number (in Bold), issue number (in brackets) and pages. For books, monographs, theses etc. full title in italics, publisher or university name, volume no., if any, and relevant page range or total no. of pages should be given. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on author's names and chronologically per author. Author name should be started with surname and initial letter with capital letter. There is no need to separate author's initials by full stop but it should be given in capital letters without gap. Each author name should be separated by comma (,) and last author name by ‘and’. A few examples of correct citation of references for Indian Journal of Weed Science are given below:

Singh Samunder, Punia SS, Yadav A and Hooda VS. 2011. Evaluation of carfentrazone-ethyl + metsulfuron-methyl against broadleaf weeds of wheat. Indian Journal of Weed Science 43(1&2): 12-22.

Neeser C and Varshney Jay G. 2001. Purple nutsedge; biology and principles for management without herbicides, Indian Journal of Pulses Research 14(1): 10-19.

Naseema A, Praveena R and Salim AM. 2004. Ecofriendly management of water hyacinth with a mycoherbicide and cashew nut shell liquid. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research 10(1&2): 93-100.

Arya DR, Kapoor RD and Dhirajpant. 2008. Herbicide tolerant crops: a boon to Indian agriculture, pp 23-31. In: Biennial Conference on Weed Management in Modern Agriculture: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. (Eds. Sharma RS, Sushilkumar, Mishra JS, Barman KK and Sondhia Shobha), 27-28 February 2008, Patna. Indian Society of Weed Science, Jabalpur.

Anonymous. 2006. Long-term herbicide trial in transplanted lowland rice-rice cropping system, pp 62-68. In: Annual Progress Report, AICRP on Weed Control, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.

DWSR. 2010. Annual Report, 2010-11, pp 35-37. Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.

Gopal B and Sharma KP. 1981. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) the most troublesome weeds of the world. Hindasia Publisher, New Delhi, 129 p.

Sushilkumar, Sondhia S and Vishwakarma K. 2003. Role of insects in suppression of problematic alligator weed (Altemanthera philoxeroides) and testing of herbicides for its integrated management. Final Report of ICAR Adhoc Project, 39 p.

For Web references: the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. e.g. http://www.faostat.fao.org (accessed 21 May 2019)

Length

Paper TypeMaximum Length (including tables and figures)
Research Article6000 words
Research note4000 words
Review8000 words
Mini-Review5000 words

Units, abbreviations and nomenclature

For physical units, unit names and symbols, the SI system should be employed. Biological names should be given according to the latest international nomenclature. Upon its first use in the title, abstract and text, the common name of a weed should be followed by the scientific name (genus, species and authority) in parentheses. If no common name exists in English, the scientific name should be used only. At the first mention of an herbicide or other chemical substance, give its generic name only. Trade names should not be used. Biological and zoological names, gene designations and gene symbols should be italicized. Yield data should be reported in kg/ha or t/ha. All such letters such as viz., et al., in situ, ex situ, Rabi, Kharif, i.e., etc. should be italicized.

Tables and figures

Tables and figures should be concise and limited to the necessary minimum. We encourage the authors to set tables and figures at the appropriate places in the article but if it is not possible, the same may be given separately. The title should fully describe the contents of the table and explain any symbol or abbreviations used in it. The standard abbreviations of the units of different parameters should be indicated in parentheses. Vertical lines should not be given in the tables and horizontal lines should be used to separate parameters and end of the table.

Figures may be preferred in place of table. In no case the same data should be presented by both tables and figures. While presenting data through line graphs, vertical bars, cylinders, pie charts etc, the same should be preferred with black lines or bars having different clear symbols and shades. The graphs chosen with colours reproduce poorly and should not be given unless it became necessary.

Some useful tips

Avoid numerals and abbreviations at the beginning of a sentence. Don't use superscript for per hectare, ton or meter (kg ha-1 or t ha-1) instead use kg/ha or g/m2, t/ha, mg/g, ml/l etc. Prefer to mention yield data in t/ha only. If it becomes necessary, give yield in kg/ha but not in quintal. Don't use lakh, crores or arabs in text, instead give such figures in million. Only standard abbreviations should be used and invariably be explained at first mention. Avoid use of self-made abbreviations like iso., buta., rizo., etc. Don't use first letter capital for names of plant protection chemicals but it should be used for trade names. Use of treatment symbols like T1 T2 T3 etc. should be avoided. All weights and measurements must be in SI or metric units. Use % after double digit figures, not per cent, for example 10% not 10 per cent. In a series of range of measurement, mention the units only at the end, e.g. 3,4,5 kg/ha instead of 3 kg/ha, 4 kg/ha and 5 kg/ha. Nutrient doses as well as concentration in soil and plant should be given in elemental form only, i.e. P and K should not be given as P2O5 K2O. A variety may be mentioned within single quotes in italic such as 'Pusa Basmai', 'Kufri Sinduri' etc. Statistical data should be given in LSD (P=0.05) instead CD (P=0.05).

Authors are requested to see the recent issue of the journal to prepare the manuscript as per the journal's format.

Manuscript submission

Manuscripts must conform to the journal style (see the latest issue). Correct language is the responsibility of the author. After having received a contribution, there will be a review process, before the Chief Editor makes the definitive decision upon the acceptance for publication. Referee's comments along with editors comments will be communicated to authors as scanned copy/soft copy through email. After revision, author should send back the copy of revised manuscripts to the Chief Editor, ISWS by e-mail only.

Editorial Board reserves the right to suitably modify, accept or reject the MS in view on the reviewer's advice.

We encourage submission of paper only by electronically via E-mail as one complete word document file. When preparing your file, please use only Times New Roman font for text (title 16, all heads 14 and text of 12 point, double spacing with 1.5" margin all the sides) and Symbol font for Greek letters to avoid inadvertent character substitutions.

All manuscripts should be submitted Online (http://www.isws.org.in/login_IJWS.aspx). For authors unable to submit their manuscript online

To see sample copy to prepare the manuscript, please Log on: http://www.isws.org.in/IJWSn/Journal.aspx

Peer Review Policy

All published articles in Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) are subjected to rigorous peer review processes based on initial editor screening and anonymized refereeing by two referees. The ultimate purpose of peer review is to sustain the originality and quality of research work and filtration of poor quality and plagiarized articles. Peer review assures research quality.

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

Peer Review Policy

The practice of peer review is to ensure that only good science is published. It is an objective process at the heart of good scholarly publishing and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. Our reviewers therefore play a vital role in maintaining the high standards of the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) Journal of Management and Research and all manuscripts are peer reviewed following the procedure outlined below.

Initial manuscript evaluation

The Editors first evaluate all manuscripts. In some circumstances it is entirely feasible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. Those rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are passed on to experts for review.

Authors of manuscripts rejected at this stage will be informed within 2 weeks of receipt.

Type of Peer Review

The (Indian Journal of Weed Science) employs double blind review, where the reviewer remains anonymous to the authors throughout the process.

How the reviewer is selected

Reviewers are matched to the paper according to their expertise. Our reviewer database contains reviewer contact details together with their subject areas of interest, and this is constantly being updated.

Reviewer reports

Reviewers are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript:

  • Is original
  • Is methodologically sound
  • Follows appropriate ethical guidelines
  • Has results which are clearly presented and support the conclusions
  • Correctly references previous relevant work

Reviewers are not expected to correct or copyedit manuscripts. Language correction is not part of the peer review process. Reviewers are requested to refrain from giving their personal opinion in the "Reviewer blind comments to Author" section of their review on whether or not the paper should be published. Personal opinions can be expressed in the "Reviewer confidential comments to Editor" section.

How long does the peer review process take?

Typically the manuscript will be reviewed within 2-8 weeks. Should the reviewers' reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed a further expert opinion will be sought. Revised manuscripts are usually returned to the Editors within 3 weeks and the Editors may request further advice from the reviewers at this time. The Editors may request more than one revision of a manuscript.

Final report

A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the reviewers, and may include verbatim comments by the reviewers.
Chief Editor's Decision is final
Reviewers advise the Editors, who are responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.

Special Issues / Conference Proceedings

Special issues and/or conference proceedings may have different peer review procedures involving, for example, Guest Editors, conference organizers or scientific committees. Authors contributing to these projects may receive full details of the peer review process on request from the editorial office.

Becoming a Reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science)

If you are not currently a reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) but would like to be considered as a reviewer for this Journal, please contact the editorial office by e-mail at (editorisws@gmail.com), and provide your contact details. If your request is approved and you are added to the online reviewer database you will receive a confirmatory email, asking you to add details on your field of expertise, in the format of subject classifications.

Editorial Board

Editorial office:

Office Manager, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Publisher Address:

Secretary, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Principal Scientist
Division of Crop Research
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)

Chief Editor J.S. Mishra 9494240904 jsmishra31@gmail.com

The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia

Associate Editor Bhagirath Singh Chauhan b.chauhan@uq.edu.au

Consultant,
ICRISAT,
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics
Patancheru, Hyderabad

Associate Editor A.N. Rao 9440372165 adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

Editors

Professor,
Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana)

Ashok Kumar Yadav 9416995523 aky444@gmail.com

Professor & Head,
Division of Agronomy
FoA, Main Campus,
Chatha, SKUAST-Jammu (J&K)

B.C. Sharma 9419152428 drbhagwati@gmail.com

Principal
Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture
Affiliated to TNAU)
Manakkadavu, Pollachi-642103 (Tamil Nadu)

C. Chinnusamy 9443721575 chinnusamyc@gmail.com

Scientist,
ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research,
Jabalpur (Madhya Padesh)

Dibakar Ghosh 8989190213 dghoshagro@gmail.com

Principal Scientist
Department of Agronomy,
Assam Agricultural University
Jorhat - 785013 (Assam)

I.C. Barua 9435094326 iswar_barua@yahoo.co.in

Principal Scientist
PJTSAU, Hyderabad-30 (Telangana)

M. Madhavi 9491021999 molluru_m@yahoo.com

Assistant Agronomist
Directorate of Agriculture (Govt. of WB)
Kolkata 700001, West Bengal

Malay Kumar Bhowmick 9434239688 bhowmick_malay@rediffmail.com

Associate Professor
(Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry)
Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute (TNAU),
Trichy (Tamil Nadu)

P. Janaki 9443936160 janakibalamurugan@rediffmail.com

Assistant Chemist (Residue),
Department of Agronomy,
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhina-141 004 (Punjab)

Pervinder Kaur 9646105418 pervi_7@yahoo.co.in

Sr. Agronomist, Directorate of Extension Education
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana – 141004 (Punjab)

Simerjeet Kaur 9814081108 simer@pau.edu

College of Horticulture,
Vellanikkara. Thrissur – 680 656, (Kerala)

T. Girija 9447004940 girijavijai@gmail.com

Principal Scientist,
Directorate of Maize Research,
Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012

C.M. Parihar 9013172214 pariharcm@gmail.com

Indexing Indexing & Abstracting Services


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Volume- 40 | Issue-1&2 (Jan-Jun) | Year 2008

Effect of Soil Solarization and Crop Husbandry Practices on Weed Species Competition and Dynamics in Soybean-Wheat Cropping System
T. K. Das and N. T. Yaduraju
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-1 | Volume: 40 Page No:1-5 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

Among crop husbandry practices, wheat straw incorporation brought about a significant reduction in Cyperus rotundus population and soil solarization in Cynodon dactylon population at 20 DAS in soybean. The total monocot weed population due to these two treatments was thus significantly lower. Summer cowpea for fodder, on the contrary, recorded the highest population of Cynodon and total monocot weeds, but the population of Commelina benghalensis was zero/nil and Parthenium hysterophorus was greatly reduced. Wheat straw incorporation had significantly higher Trianthema portulacastrum population, which resulted in very high dicot and total weed population. At 40 DAS of soybean, total monocot weed distribution was almost similar to what observed at 20 DAS. However, total weed population was the lowest in soil solarization and differed significantly with others. The monocot, dicot and total weed dry weight followed similar trend as their respective population and soil solarization proved most superior. At harvest of wheat, wheat straw incorporation; however, recorded the lowest total weed dry weight comparable with soil solarization and summer cowpea for fodder. Soil solarization and wheat straw incorporation were at par with each other on soybean grain yield, but solarization recorded significantly higher grain yield than others. Repeated tillage with irrigation and summer cowpea for fodder also recorded soybean grain yield significantly higher than in control/farmers’ practice. Wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation being at par with soil solarization recorded significantly greater number of ear-bearing tillers and grain yield of wheat. However, soil solarization recorded the highest system productivity in the soybean-wheat cropping system closely followed by wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation

Email


Address

Division of Agronomy Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012
Dormancy, Germination and Emergence of Sida rhombifolia L.
B. S. Chauhan and D. E. Johnson
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-2 | Volume: 40 Page No:6-10 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of seed scarification, temperature, light, salt and osmotic stress, and pH on seed germination, and also the effects of seed burial depth on seedling emergence of Sida rhombifolia. Scarification with sulphuric acid released seeds from dormancy and stimulated germination; though germination of scarified seeds was not influenced by light. Seeds treated with sulphuric acid for 120 min resulted in 65% germination compared with 5% for non-scarified seeds. The response to scarification indicates that a hard seed coat is the primary mechanism restricting germination. In two separate experiments, a concentration of 111 mM sodium chloride and an osmotic potential of -0.49 MPa reduced maximum germination (64 to 65%) of S. rhombifolia by 50%. Germination was not influenced by the pH of buffered solutions ranging from 5 to 9, and it varied from 60 to 65% over this range. Seedling emergence was greater than 60% at burial depths of 0.5 to 2 cm, but decreased thereafter, and and no seedlings emerged from the seeds buried at 8 cm. The results of this study identify some of the factors enabling S. rhombifolia to be a widespread and problematic weed in the humid tropics and provide information that may contribute to its control

Email

b.chauhan@uq.edu.au

Address

International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
Effect of Seed Rate, Spacing and Herbicide Use on Weed Management in Direct Seeded Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Ghansham Payman and Surjit Singh
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-3 | Volume: 40 Page No:11-15 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2006 at the Students’ Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana on loamy sand soil to study effect of seed rate, spacing and herbicide use on weed management in direct seeded upland rice. Increasing seed rate from 40 to 60 kg/ha and row spacing from 15 to 20 cm, respectively, did not reduce the total weed population and weed dry matter at maturity. Seed rate and row spacing did not influence the grain yield significantly. However, all the weed control treatments i. e. application of pretilachlor 0.75 kg, pendimethalin 0.75 kg and thiobencarb 1.5 kg/ha significantly reduced the total weed population and weed dry matter production resulting in higher weed control efficiency as compared to weedy check. All weed control treatments produced significantly higher yield attributes which ultimately resulted in higher grain yield of paddy as compared to weedy check. Among different herbicidal treatments, thiobencarb 1.5 kg/ha produced highest grain yield of 5.51 t/ha which was at par with other weed control treatments. All weed control treatments reduced nitrogen uptake by weeds making it available to be used by the crop.

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Department of Agronomy, PAU Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab
Evaluation of Azimsulfuron and Metsulfuron-methyl Alone and in Combination for Weed Control in Transplanted Rice
Dharam Bir Yadav, Samunder Singh and Ashok Yadav
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-4 | Volume: 40 Page No:16-20 |
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Abstract:

Efficacy of azimsulfuron and metsulfuron-methyl alone and in combination was evaluated against complex weed flora in transplanted rice at Karnal, Haryana, India during kharif 2006 and 2007. The experimental field was infested with grassy, broad-leaved weeds and sedges during two years to the extent of 43-54, 32-46 and 11-14%, respectively. Excellent control of broad-leaved weeds and sedges (90-100%) under all the treatments of azimsulfuron alone or admix with metsulfuron was observed. Pretilachlor and pretilachlor fb chlorimuron+metsulfuron provided better control of grassy weeds compared to azimsulfuron alone and in combination with metsulfuron. In this study, there was no significant effect of addition of metsulfuron to azimsulfuron on rice grain yield. Azimsulfuron and metsulfuron being safe for rice crop were found compatible and azimsulfuron 30 g+metsulfuron-methyl 2 g/ha applied at 15-25 DAT could be exploited in situations where weed flora was pre-dominated with broad-leaved weeds and sedges.

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CCS Haryana Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Karnal (Haryana)
Nutrient Uptake by Red Sprangletop [Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees] and Transplanted Rice under Different Cultural and Weed Management Practices
C. S. Aulakh and S. P. Mehra
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-5 | Volume: 40 Page No:21-26 |
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Abstract:

The nutrient uptake by red sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis) and transplanted rice was studied under three off-season land management practices (raising green manure, undisturbed land and frequent cultivations after wheat harvest) in main plots with three crop plant densities (22, 33 and 44 hills/m2) and two weed management practices (pyrazosulfuron 0.015 kg/ha and two hand weedings) alongwith an unweeded control in sub plots. The frequent cultivations were able to significantly reduce the nutrient removal by the weed and increase the nutrient uptake by rice as compared to green manured and undisturbed land after wheat harvest, the latter two being at par. The increase in crop plant density from 22 to 44 hills/m2 reduced the nutrient removal by the weed and increased the nutrient uptake by rice. Two hand weedings and pyrazosulfuron 0.015 kg/ha were equally effective in reducing the nutrient removal by the weed and increased nutrient uptake by rice and were significantly better than the unweeded control.

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Department of Agronomy Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 (Punjab)
Utilization of Weed Biomass for Nitrogen Substitution in Rice (Oryza sativa)- Rice System
D. J. Rajkhowa
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-6 | Volume: 40 Page No:27-32 |
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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted during summer and kharif seasons of 2001 and 2002 to evaluate the possibility of utilizing the biomass of weeds viz., Ipomoea carnea and Eichhornia crassipes either as fresh or as vermicompost prepared from such weed biomass for substituting fertilizer nitrogen in rice-rice system under puddle soil conditions. Results revealed that vermicompost prepared from either I. carnea or E. crassipes was at par or superior to fresh biomass incorporation and FYM in increasing crop yield, nitrogen uptake and improvement in soil nutrient status. Results also showed the possibility of supplementing 25 to 50% nitrogen through fresh biomass incorporation of I. carnea or vermicompost prepared from either I. carnea or E. crassipes. Significant increase in soil microbial population was also recorded due to incorporation of different sources of organic manure over the recommended nitrogen as fertilizer alone

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Department of Agronomy Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam-785 013
Control of Atrazine Tolerant ‘baans gha’ (Brachiaria reptans) in Spring Sugarcane
M. S. Bhullar, U. S. Walia, L. K. Saini and S. K. Uppal
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-7 | Volume: 40 Page No:33-36 |
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Abstract:

A field study was conducted at Ladhowal, Ludhiana during 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 to evaluate alternate herbicides for control of atrazine tolerant Brachiaria reptans in spring sugarcane. Pre-emergence atrazine 1.0 kg (standard), metribuzin 1.4 kg, diuron 1.6 kg and pendimethalin 1.125 kg/ha alone, tank mix of pendimethalin 0.75 kg with atrazine 0.75 and 1.0 kg, metribuzin 0.875 and 1.4 kg and diuron 1.6 kg/ha, three hand hoeings at 30, 60 and 90 days and unweeded control were evaluated in RBD. Atrazine 1.0 kg/ha recorded Brachiaria population and cane yield similar to unweeded control. Metribuzin 1.4 kg and diuron 1.6 kg/ha alone, tank mixing of pendimethalin 0.75 kg with metribuzin 0.875 kg or atrazine 1.0 kg/ha reduced Brachiaria population by 82 to 96% and increased cane yield by 16 to 28% than alone atrazine 1.0 kg/ha. Weed control efficacy under above treatments varied from 67 to 72%, while it was only 12% with atrazine 1.0 kg/ha. Pendimethalin 1.125 kg/ha though reduced Brachiaria density by 89%; however, its lower activity over time resulted in poor weed control efficacy (45%) and similar cane yield to atrazine 1.0 kg/ha. Metribuzin 0.875 kg+pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha recorded the highest cane yield (76 t/ha), net returns (Rs 48,200/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (0.840). Different weed control treatments did not influence cane quality. Metribuzin 1.4 kg and diuron 1.6 kg/ha alone, and tank mix of pendimethalin 0.75 kg either with metribuzin 0.875 kg or atrazine 0.75 kg/ha were very effective for control of B. reptans and attaining the highest productivity and profitability in spring sugarcane.

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Department of Agronomy Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 (Punjab)
Evaluation of Different Herbicides Against Broadleaf Weeds in Wheat and their Residual Effects on Sorghum
R. S. Malik, Ashok Yadav and R. K. Malik
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-8 | Volume: 40 Page No:37-40 |
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Abstract:

Based on two years’ (2004-05 and 2005-06) field experimentation, it was found that chlorsulfuron 30 g/ha, metsulfuron 4 g/ha and triasulfuron 60 g/ha reduced the density of different broadleaf weeds in wheat to the extent of 90-100% and proved better than sulfosulfuron (20 and 25 g/ha) and 2, 4-D Na salt (500 and 750 g/ha). Weed control efficiency (WCE) against total broadleaf weeds based on average dry weight of two years due to chlorsulfuron 30 g/ha, metsulfuron 4 g/ha and triasulfuron 60 g/ha varied between 86-89%; however, triasulfuron 40 and 60 g/ha was at par in this respect. Effective tillers and grain yield of wheat were maximum in the plots kept weed free throughout the crop season; however, statistically it was at par with chlorsulfuron 30 g, triasulfuron 40 and 60 g and metsulfuron 4 g/ha during both the years. Weeds growing throughout the crop season reduced the grain yield to the extent of 46 and 40% during 2004-05 and 2005-06, respectively. Plant height of succeeding crop of sorghum at 45 DAS was significantly reduced by triasulfuron 60 g/ha both under prepared and unprepared field conditions and also by sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha only under unprepared field situation. Similarly, fresh weight of sorghum under prepared field situation at 45 DAS during both the years and fodder yield at harvest during 2004-05 only were significantly reduced due to residual toxicity of triasulfuron 60 g/ha applied in wheat

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Department of Agronomy CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar -125 004 (Haryana)
Pinoxaden for Controlling Grass Weeds in Wheat and Barley
R. S. Chhokar, R. K. Sharma and R. P. S. Verma
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-9 | Volume: 40 Page No:41-46 |
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Abstract:

Pinoxaden was evaluated for the control of grass weeds in wheat and barley. It was very effective in controlling Phalaris minor Retz., Avena ludoviciana Dur. and Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf., but was ineffective in controlling broad-leaved weeds. The efficacy of pinoxaden without surfactant was significantly inferior to surfactant application. In various experiments, pinoxaden with surfactant improved the wheat yield >68% over control. The efficacy of pinoxaden (35 g/ha) in controlling grass weeds in wheat was similar to that of clodinafop 60 g/ha, fenoxaprop 100 g/ha and sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha. Wheat yields among these herbicides were similar, where fields were having dominance of grass weeds, but in the presence of both grassy and broad-leaved weeds, sulfosulfuron had an edge over three grass herbicides (pinoxaden, fenoxaprop and clodinafop) tested. Toxicity was not observed on any of the 18 barley genotypes screened for their sensitivity to pinoxaden (30 and 60 g/ha). Pinoxaden @ 30 g/ha effectively controlled isoproturon resistant P. minor in barley and provided 21.6% higher yield compared to isoproturon application.

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Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal-132 001 (Haryana)
Influence of Tillage and Weed Control Methods on Weeds, Yield and Yield Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Pankaj Chopra and N. N. Angiras
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-10 | Volume: 40 Page No:47-50 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at Palampur, Himachal Pradesh during kharif seasons of 2002 and 2003, to study the weed competitive ability and productivity of maize as influenced by tillage and weed control methods. Among tillage methods, raised seed bed resulted in significantly lowest density and dry matter of weeds at 60 days after sowing (DAS) and harvest of the crop and was followed by conventional tillage. Raised seed bed and conventional tillage increased grain yield by 13.74 and 16.90% over zero tillage. Among weed control methods, atrazine 1.5 kg/ha being statistically at par with acetachlor 1.25 kg/ha produced significantly lower density and dry matter of weeds and resulted in significant increase in all the yield attributes of maize crop and thereby its grain yield by 75.18 and 71.66%, respectively, over unweeded check.

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Department of Agronomy CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.)
Effective Control of Weeds in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Surjit Singh, U. S. Walia and Buta Singh
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-11 | Volume: 40 Page No:51-55 |
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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, PAU, Ludhiana for three years to find out effective weed management technology in chickpea (gram) on loamy sand soil. Integration of one hand weeding (45 days after sowing) with either pre-plant application of trifluralin (Treflan) at 0.50 kg/ha or pre-emergence application of pendimethalin (Stomp) at 0.50 kg/ha proved very effective for controlling weeds as indicated by 82 and 86% reduction in final dry matter accumulation by weeds, respectively, as compared to the control treatment. Both these integrated treatments increased seed yield of chickpea by 60 and 59% than control and 4.0 and 2% than the standard treatment i. e. pre-emergence application of linuron (Afalon) at 0.94 kg/ha, respectively. Also pre-plant application of trifluralin at 1.25 kg/ha performed comparable to herbicide+hand weeding. Net returns and B : C ratio were also highest in pre-plant application of trifluralin at 1.25 kg/ha and it was followed by integration of hand weeding (45 DAS) with either pre-plant application of trifluralin at 0.50 kg/ha or pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 0.50 kg/ha

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Department of Agronomy Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 (Punjab)
Evaluation of Doses of Some Herbicides to Manage Weeds in Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Suresh Kumar, N. N. Angiras, S. S. Rana and Arvind Singh Thakur
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-12 | Volume: 40 Page No:56-61 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at Palampur during the kharif seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2006 to standardize the doses of new herbicides (acetachlor, trifluralin, haloxyfop and quizalofop) in soybean under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh. Haloxyfop at 0.100 kg/ha (72.0%) and acetachlor 1.50 kg/ha (72.3%) resulted in highest weed control efficiency among post- and pre-emergent herbicides, respectively. Haloxyfop at 0.100 kg/ha and quizalofop at 0.0625 kg/ha were effective against grassy weeds (Panicum, Echinochloa and Digitaria). Acetachlor was most effective against grassy as well as broad-leaved weeds (Ageratum conyzoides, Polygonum alatum and Commelina benghalensis). Haloxyfop at 0.100 and 0.125 kg/ha, quizalofop 0.0625 kg/ha, acetachlor 1.50 kg/ha and trifluralin 1.50 kg/ha resulted in significantly higher plant dry weight, branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod, 1000- seed weight and seed yield of soybean. Haloxyfop 0.100 kg/ha resulted in highest net return and B : C ratio. Weed management index (WMI), agronomic management index (AMI) and integrated weed management index (IWMI) were highest in haloxyfop-methyl 0.100 kg/ha followed by quizalofop 0.0625 kg/ha, haloxyfop-methyl 0.125 kg/ha and trifluralin 1.50 kg/ha.

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Department of Agronomy CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.)
Agro-Economic Feasibility of Weed Management in Soybean Grown in Vertisols of South-Eastern Rajasthan
Pratap Singh and Raj Kumar
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-13 | Volume: 40 Page No:62-64 |
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Abstract:

Field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2003 and 2004 to evaluate the economic feasibility of weed management practices in soybean crop in south-eastern Rajasthan. Post- emergence application of imazethapyr reduced the density and dry biomass of broad as well as narrow leaved weeds significantly as compared to pre-plant and pre-emergence and rest of post-emergence herbicides under study. The lowest weed density and biomass were recorded with two hand weedings at 30 and 45 days after sowing (DAS) followed by imazethapyr at 100 and 75 g/ha. Imazethapyr at 75 g/ha was found most agro-economic feasible by giving highest net returns (Rs.10235/ha) and incremental cost : benefit ratio (9.89).

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M. P. U. A. & T. Agricultural Research Station, Kota-324 001(Rajasthan)
Effect of Weed Interference on Weeds and Productivity of Blackgram (Phaseolus mungo)
Vivek, N. S. Rana, Raghuvir Singh and S. S. Tomar
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-14 | Volume: 40 Page No:65-67 |
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Abstract:

Field studies were carried out to determine the critical period of crop-weed competition in blackgram (Phaseolus mungo). Trianthema portulacastrum, Digera arvensis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyllanthus niruri and Cynodon dactylon were the most predominating weeds. Grain yield loss increased with the increase in the duration of competition and maximum loss (67%) occurred due to full season competition. Significantly higher grain yield (12.42 q/ha) and yield attributing characters were obtained in plots remaining weed free upto harvest. The critical period of weed competition was between 30 to 45 DAS during which the crop should be kept free of weeds to prevent the potential loss in blackgram grain yield.

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Department of Agronomy Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (U. P.)
Management of Trianthema portulacastrum in Sesame
D. C. Mondal, A. Hossain, B. Duary and T. Mondal
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-15 | Volume: 40 Page No:68-69 |
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Abstract:

Field experiment was carried out in Mogra Block Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal in pre-kharif 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the relative efficacy of different herbicides alone and in combination with hand weeding. Results revealed that pre-emergence application of herbicides integrated with one hand weeding were superior to their sole application in controlling Trianthema portulacastrum and increasing seed yield of sesame. Butachlor with one hand weeding proved its superiority over rest of the treatments in respect of weed control efficiency, seed yield and net return. Farmers' practice recorded at par result with butachlor integrated with one hand weeding in seed yield of sesame

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AICRP on Weed Control Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture) Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan-731 236 (W. B.)
Management of Mimosa invisa Mart. using Post- emergence Herbicides
P. K. Jayasree and C. T. Abraham
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-16 | Volume: 40 Page No:70-72 |
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Abstract:

Glyphosate applied at 0.6 kg/ha at active vegetative stage caused yellowing and drying up of Mimosa invisa. 2, 4-D at very high dose (5 kg/ha) even though caused epinasty was ineffective. Paraquat applied at 1 to 1.2 kg/ha at active vegetative stage was effective, but the labour and time requirement for efficient spraying of the contact herbicide was very high. All the herbicides applied at seedling stage were ineffective because of fresh germination from seed bank. The best chemical for controlling M. invisa was glyphosate @ 0.6 kg/ha and best time of application was active vegetative stage (100 days after germination).

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Department of Agronomy Kerala Agricultural University,Thrissur-680 656 (Kerala)
Phytosociology of Weeds in Tea Plantations of South India
R. Victor J. Ilango and V. S. Sharma
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-17 | Volume: 40 Page No:73-77 |
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Abstract:

Phytosociological studies of the weed flora of tea plantations in south India were carried out to generate information that could assist in identifying important and recalcitrant weeds during different seasons and in various situations which in turn should help in formulating effective measures for their control. One hundred and twelve weed species were found to occur in the tea fields of south India during the rainy seasons (June to December). The weed flora during the rainy season was dominated by Drymaria cordata, Bidens pilosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Crassocephalum crepidioides and Spermacoce ocymoides. During the dry season (January to March) only 34 weed species were recorded and the dominant weed species were Conyza leucantha, Conyza bonariensis, Ageratum conyzoides, Panicum repens and Paspalum conjugatum. Tea fields adjacent to human habitats favoured the growth of Drymaria cordata, Amaranthus viridis, A. spinosus, Rorippa dubia and Persicaria barbata. Panicum repens, Paspalum conjugatum, Axonopus compressus and Cyperus rotundus were the dominant weeds in tea fields adjoining water sources. Tea fields bordering forest boundaries had Persicaria chinensis, Chromolaena odorata, Pteridium aquilinum, Mikania cordata and Urena lobata

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Ilango and V. S. Sharma1 Botany Division UPASI Tea Research Institute, Nirar Dam, B. P. O. Valparai-642 127, Coimbatore (T. N.)
Ecology and Control of Parthenium hysterophorus Invasion in Veeranum Command Area
R.M. Kathiresan
Full length articles | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-18 | Volume: 40 Page No:78-80 |
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Abstract:

Survey and field experiments were conducted in the Department of Agronomy, Annamalai University during 2000 and 2001 to study some of the ecological traits of Congress grass (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) in Veeranum Ayacut region of Tamil Nadu state and to compare the bio-efficacy of some herbicides for controlling this weed. Results showed that the weed had two generations in a calendar year. Congress grass germinated with maximum temperatures between 30° and 34° C coupled with available soil moisture between 40 and 60% coincided with February and September months. The weed occurred only in the wastelands and did not expand into cultivated fields. Associated flora included predominantly grasses. Glufosinate ammonium @ 2.5, 3.0 l/ha and glyphosate @ 2.5 l/ha were effective in imparting a complete control of Congress grass

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Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu)
Effect of Herbicides and Tillage on Weed Flora in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Terai Agro-Ecological Region of West Bengal
Sefaur Rahaman and P. K. Mukherjee
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-19 | Volume: 40 Page No:81-84 |
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Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar-736 165 (West Bengal)
Effect of Irrigation and Weed Management Practices on Weed Control and Yield of Blackgram
T. Malliswari, P. Maheswara Reddy, G. Karuna Sagar and V. Chandrika
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-20 | Volume: 40 Page No:85-86 |
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Department of Agronomy S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502 (Andhra Pradesh)
Studies on Nutrient and Weed Management in Kharif Maize under Rainfed Conditions
L. S. Deshmukh, R. S. Jathure and S. K. Raskar
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-21 | Volume: 40 Page No:87-89 |
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Department of Agronomy Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani-431 402 (Maharashtra)
Determination of Critical Period of Crop-Weed Competition in Hybrid Sunflower
A. Malliswara Reddy1, G. Prabhakara Reddy, D. Srinivasulu Reddy and K. Balakrishna Reddy
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-22 | Volume: 40 Page No:90-93 |
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Department of Agronomy S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502 (A. P.)
Weed Management in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
R. Shylaja and A. Sundari
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-23 | Volume: 40 Page No:94-95 |
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Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608 002 (Tamil Nadu)
Effect of Different Herbicides on Weed Management in Radish
Moolchand Singh, S. Prabhukumar, C. V. Sairam and Arun Kumar
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-24 | Volume: 40 Page No:96-97 |
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ICAR Transfer of Technology Project, Zonal Coordinating Unit, Zone VIII
Host Range of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. in Jammu Province of Jammu and Kashmir State, India
Vijayata Kapoor and Y. P. Sharma
Short communications | DOI: IJWS-2008-40-1&2-25 | Volume: 40 Page No:98-100 |
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Department of Botany University of Jammu-180 006

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