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Indian Journal of Weed Science


Print ISSN: 0253-8050
Online ISSN: 0974-8164

NAAS rating: 5.17

Chief Editor

J.S. Mishra
Dr. J.S. Mishra
Principal Scientist, Division of Crop Research,
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region,
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)
Mobile - +91 9494240904
Email- editorisws@gmail, jsmishra31@gmail.com

Associate editors

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Dr. Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Queensland Alliance for Agricultureand Food Innovation
Level 2, Queensland Bioscience Precinct
The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia
Email: b.chauhan@uq.edu.au
A.N. Rao
Dr. A.N. Rao
Hydarabad, INDIA
Mobile Number: +91 9440372165
Email: adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-53, ISSUE-1 March-(2021)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

CALL FOR RESEARCH PAPER

Indian Journal of Weed Science is inviting your articles, review article, Research article and Research note on all topics of weed science. IJWS welcomes quality work that focuses on research, development and review. We are looking forward for strict compliance to the modern age standards in all these fields. Authors across the globe are welcome to submit their research papers in the prestigious journal fulfilling the requisite criterion.

Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) is inviting papers for the VOL-51, ISSUE-4 December-(2019)


Article submission guideline

Enter your login details for IJWS below. If you do not already have an account you will need to.. Register here
Author login
  • Author Instruction
  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.
Read More

Guidelines for Authors

Indian Journal of Weed Science is a quarterly journal publishing original research article, research notes, opinion articles and review articles (invited or with prior approval of the title reflecting substantial contributions of the author) covering all areas of weed science research. All contributions must be of a sufficient quality to extend our knowledge in weed science.

The papers submitted should not have been published or communicated elsewhere. Authors will be solely responsible for the factual accuracy of their contribution. Manuscript should not carry any material already published in the same or different forms.

  • Style of Invited paper
  • Style of Research Article
  • Style of Research note

Format

Full length article should be suitably divided into the following sub-sections; ABSTRACT, Key words, INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION and REFERENCES. The heading, introduction need not be mentioned in the text.

Title

The title of article should be informative but concise and should not contain abbreviations. It should indicate the content of the article essential for key word indexing and information retrieval. It should be set in small and bold letters. A good title briefly identifies the subject, indicates the purpose of study and introduces key terms and concepts. Title should not be started with the waste words like 'a study of', 'effect of', 'influence of' , 'some observations on', 'a note of' etc. The title should indicate preferably English name or most popular common name of the crops or organisms studied, wherever relevant. Scientific name can be given in abstract and introduction. Authority for such a name should be given at first mention in the text. A short title should be given for running headlines and should cover the main theme of the article.

Author(s) name(s) and affiliations

The name(s) of the author(s) should be given in small letters with sentence case separated by 'comma' or by 'and'. Institute name where the research was carried out should be given in italics. If authors are of different institutes, these can be mentioned by allotting number like 1, 2 or 3 as superscript over the name of author. The affiliation of such author may be given below of the corresponding author email address. Sometimes authors retire and change frequently and wish to give their current address, this should be given as foot note. Email address of main author or corresponding author should be given at the bottom.

Abstract

The abstract should contain at least one sentence on each of the following: objective of investigation (hypothesis, purpose, collection, result and conclusions). Give complete scientific name for plants or other organisms and full name of any symbol or abbreviations used. There is a need to mention place, name and priod of study in abstract. Emphasis should be given to highlight the results and the conclusion of the study. It should not exceed a total length of 200-250 words. Abstract should not have the words like 'will be explained or will be discussed'.

Key words

(5 6) should be given at the end of the abstract and should be arranged alphabetically. Each key word should be started with capital letter and separated by comma ( , ) from other words.

Introduction

Introduction should be brief and to the point, cover the problem and should justify the work or the hypothesis on which it is based. In introduction, a detail review is not necessary. However, to orient readers, important references about previous concepts and research should be given. It should briefly state the currently available information and should identify the research gap that is expected to be abridged through this investigation. Give preference to recent references from standard research publication unless it is of historical importance or a landmark in that field.

Materials and Methods

This part should begin with information relating to period/season/year and place of study, climate or weather conditions, soil type etc. Treatment details along with techniques and experimental design, replications, plot size etc. should be clearly indicated. Use of symbols for treatments may be avoided and an abbreviation should be fully explained at its first mention. Crop variety, methodology for application and common cultivation practices should be mentioned. Known methods may be just indicated giving reference but new techniques developed and followed should be described in detail. Methods can be divided into suitable sub-headings, typed in bold at first level and in italics at second level, if necessary.

Results and Discussion

Results may be reported and discussed together to avoid duplication. Do not mention and recite the data in the text as such given in the table. Instead interpret it suitably by indicating in terms of per cent, absolute change or any other derivations. Relate results to the objectives with suitable interpretation of the references given in the introduction. If results differ from the previous study, suitable interpretation and justification should be given. Repeated use of statements like 'our results are in agreement’ or ‘similar results were reported’ 'should be avoided. At the end of results and discussion, conclusion of the study should be given in 2-3 sentences along with suggestion for further study, if any. All statistical comparisons among treatments may be made at P=0.05 level of probability.

Acknowledgement

The authors may place on record the help and cooperation or any financial help received from any source, person or organization for this study. This should be very brief.

References

Only relevant and recent references of standard work should be quoted. Preference should be given to quote references of journals over proceedings or reports. In general, not more than 15 references should be quoted in full paper and 5 in short communication. However, in review article, emphasis should be given to quote more references with each valid statement/findings in the text. There is no need to give references for standard procedures of soil and plant analysis, and for routine statistical analysis in practice, only the methodology may be indicated. As a thumb rule, all the references quoted in the text must appear at the end of the article and vice-verse. It has been decided to use full name of the journal after the year 2011 onwards. Therefore, references should include names of all authors, year, full title of the article quoted, full name of the journal in italics (no abbreviations), volume number (in Bold), issue number (in brackets) and pages. For books, monographs, theses etc. full title in italics, publisher or university name, volume no., if any, and relevant page range or total no. of pages should be given. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on author's names and chronologically per author. Author name should be started with surname and initial letter with capital letter. There is no need to separate author's initials by full stop but it should be given in capital letters without gap. Each author name should be separated by comma (,) and last author name by ‘and’. A few examples of correct citation of references for Indian Journal of Weed Science are given below:

Singh Samunder, Punia SS, Yadav A and Hooda VS. 2011. Evaluation of carfentrazone-ethyl + metsulfuron-methyl against broadleaf weeds of wheat. Indian Journal of Weed Science 43(1&2): 12-22.

Neeser C and Varshney Jay G. 2001. Purple nutsedge; biology and principles for management without herbicides, Indian Journal of Pulses Research 14(1): 10-19.

Naseema A, Praveena R and Salim AM. 2004. Ecofriendly management of water hyacinth with a mycoherbicide and cashew nut shell liquid. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research 10(1&2): 93-100.

Arya DR, Kapoor RD and Dhirajpant. 2008. Herbicide tolerant crops: a boon to Indian agriculture, pp 23-31. In: Biennial Conference on Weed Management in Modern Agriculture: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities. (Eds. Sharma RS, Sushilkumar, Mishra JS, Barman KK and Sondhia Shobha), 27-28 February 2008, Patna. Indian Society of Weed Science, Jabalpur.

Anonymous. 2006. Long-term herbicide trial in transplanted lowland rice-rice cropping system, pp 62-68. In: Annual Progress Report, AICRP on Weed Control, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.

DWSR. 2010. Annual Report, 2010-11, pp 35-37. Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.

Gopal B and Sharma KP. 1981. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) the most troublesome weeds of the world. Hindasia Publisher, New Delhi, 129 p.

Sushilkumar, Sondhia S and Vishwakarma K. 2003. Role of insects in suppression of problematic alligator weed (Altemanthera philoxeroides) and testing of herbicides for its integrated management. Final Report of ICAR Adhoc Project, 39 p.

For Web references: the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. e.g. http://www.faostat.fao.org (accessed 21 May 2019)

Length

Paper TypeMaximum Length (including tables and figures)
Research Article6000 words
Research note4000 words
Review8000 words
Mini-Review5000 words

Units, abbreviations and nomenclature

For physical units, unit names and symbols, the SI system should be employed. Biological names should be given according to the latest international nomenclature. Upon its first use in the title, abstract and text, the common name of a weed should be followed by the scientific name (genus, species and authority) in parentheses. If no common name exists in English, the scientific name should be used only. At the first mention of an herbicide or other chemical substance, give its generic name only. Trade names should not be used. Biological and zoological names, gene designations and gene symbols should be italicized. Yield data should be reported in kg/ha or t/ha. All such letters such as viz., et al., in situ, ex situ, Rabi, Kharif, i.e., etc. should be italicized.

Tables and figures

Tables and figures should be concise and limited to the necessary minimum. We encourage the authors to set tables and figures at the appropriate places in the article but if it is not possible, the same may be given separately. The title should fully describe the contents of the table and explain any symbol or abbreviations used in it. The standard abbreviations of the units of different parameters should be indicated in parentheses. Vertical lines should not be given in the tables and horizontal lines should be used to separate parameters and end of the table.

Figures may be preferred in place of table. In no case the same data should be presented by both tables and figures. While presenting data through line graphs, vertical bars, cylinders, pie charts etc, the same should be preferred with black lines or bars having different clear symbols and shades. The graphs chosen with colours reproduce poorly and should not be given unless it became necessary.

Some useful tips

Avoid numerals and abbreviations at the beginning of a sentence. Don't use superscript for per hectare, ton or meter (kg ha-1 or t ha-1) instead use kg/ha or g/m2, t/ha, mg/g, ml/l etc. Prefer to mention yield data in t/ha only. If it becomes necessary, give yield in kg/ha but not in quintal. Don't use lakh, crores or arabs in text, instead give such figures in million. Only standard abbreviations should be used and invariably be explained at first mention. Avoid use of self-made abbreviations like iso., buta., rizo., etc. Don't use first letter capital for names of plant protection chemicals but it should be used for trade names. Use of treatment symbols like T1 T2 T3 etc. should be avoided. All weights and measurements must be in SI or metric units. Use % after double digit figures, not per cent, for example 10% not 10 per cent. In a series of range of measurement, mention the units only at the end, e.g. 3,4,5 kg/ha instead of 3 kg/ha, 4 kg/ha and 5 kg/ha. Nutrient doses as well as concentration in soil and plant should be given in elemental form only, i.e. P and K should not be given as P2O5 K2O. A variety may be mentioned within single quotes in italic such as 'Pusa Basmai', 'Kufri Sinduri' etc. Statistical data should be given in LSD (P=0.05) instead CD (P=0.05).

Authors are requested to see the recent issue of the journal to prepare the manuscript as per the journal's format.

Manuscript submission

Manuscripts must conform to the journal style (see the latest issue). Correct language is the responsibility of the author. After having received a contribution, there will be a review process, before the Chief Editor makes the definitive decision upon the acceptance for publication. Referee's comments along with editors comments will be communicated to authors as scanned copy/soft copy through email. After revision, author should send back the copy of revised manuscripts to the Chief Editor, ISWS by e-mail only.

Editorial Board reserves the right to suitably modify, accept or reject the MS in view on the reviewer's advice.

We encourage submission of paper only by electronically via E-mail as one complete word document file. When preparing your file, please use only Times New Roman font for text (title 16, all heads 14 and text of 12 point, double spacing with 1.5" margin all the sides) and Symbol font for Greek letters to avoid inadvertent character substitutions.

All manuscripts should be submitted Online (http://www.isws.org.in/login_IJWS.aspx). For authors unable to submit their manuscript online

To see sample copy to prepare the manuscript, please Log on: http://www.isws.org.in/IJWSn/Journal.aspx

Peer Review Policy

All published articles in Indian Journal of Weed Science (IJWS) are subjected to rigorous peer review processes based on initial editor screening and anonymized refereeing by two referees. The ultimate purpose of peer review is to sustain the originality and quality of research work and filtration of poor quality and plagiarized articles. Peer review assures research quality.

Paper Publication Process –

  • Manuscripts are received online in the editorial office with the certificate that MS has not been sent for consideration in any other journals for consideration.
  • Manuscripts are checked by office for its style and pattern and for plagiarism. If plagiarism is more than 20%, it is not considered and sent back to author for revision and re-submission.
  • If MS is found fit at Editorial office in context to plagiarism and style and pattern, it is sent to Chief Editor for further processing.
  • If chief Editor find the MS suitable for consideration, he shall suggest two name of referees as reviewers either from editorial board or from other institutions of concern discipline for reviewing the MS.
  • Editorial Office shall send the MS for double blind review to the reviewers suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Comments of double -blind reviewers will be sent to corresponding author without disclosing the identity of the reviewers to address the comments and re-submission of MS.
  • In case, one reviewer rejects while other accept the MS, it is sent to third reviewer suggested by Chief Editor.
  • Revised MS is again sent to reviewers to see whether their comments are addressed suitably.
  • On agreeing by the reviewers, the MS is again sent to Chief Editors with comments of reviewers and reply of author to take the final decision.
  • The final decision of Chief Editor is communicated to authors.

Peer Review Policy

The practice of peer review is to ensure that only good science is published. It is an objective process at the heart of good scholarly publishing and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. Our reviewers therefore play a vital role in maintaining the high standards of the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) Journal of Management and Research and all manuscripts are peer reviewed following the procedure outlined below.

Initial manuscript evaluation

The Editors first evaluate all manuscripts. In some circumstances it is entirely feasible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. Those rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are passed on to experts for review.

Authors of manuscripts rejected at this stage will be informed within 2 weeks of receipt.

Type of Peer Review

The (Indian Journal of Weed Science) employs double blind review, where the reviewer remains anonymous to the authors throughout the process.

How the reviewer is selected

Reviewers are matched to the paper according to their expertise. Our reviewer database contains reviewer contact details together with their subject areas of interest, and this is constantly being updated.

Reviewer reports

Reviewers are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript:

  • Is original
  • Is methodologically sound
  • Follows appropriate ethical guidelines
  • Has results which are clearly presented and support the conclusions
  • Correctly references previous relevant work

Reviewers are not expected to correct or copyedit manuscripts. Language correction is not part of the peer review process. Reviewers are requested to refrain from giving their personal opinion in the "Reviewer blind comments to Author" section of their review on whether or not the paper should be published. Personal opinions can be expressed in the "Reviewer confidential comments to Editor" section.

How long does the peer review process take?

Typically the manuscript will be reviewed within 2-8 weeks. Should the reviewers' reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed a further expert opinion will be sought. Revised manuscripts are usually returned to the Editors within 3 weeks and the Editors may request further advice from the reviewers at this time. The Editors may request more than one revision of a manuscript.

Final report

A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the reviewers, and may include verbatim comments by the reviewers.
Chief Editor's Decision is final
Reviewers advise the Editors, who are responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.

Special Issues / Conference Proceedings

Special issues and/or conference proceedings may have different peer review procedures involving, for example, Guest Editors, conference organizers or scientific committees. Authors contributing to these projects may receive full details of the peer review process on request from the editorial office.

Becoming a Reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science)

If you are not currently a reviewer for the (Indian Journal of Weed Science) but would like to be considered as a reviewer for this Journal, please contact the editorial office by e-mail at (editorisws@gmail.com), and provide your contact details. If your request is approved and you are added to the online reviewer database you will receive a confirmatory email, asking you to add details on your field of expertise, in the format of subject classifications.

Editorial Board

Editorial office:

Office Manager, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Publisher Address:

Secretary, Indian Society of Weed Science, ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, India 482 004

Principal Scientist
Division of Crop Research
ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna - 800014 (Bihar)

Chief Editor J.S. Mishra 9494240904 jsmishra31@gmail.com

The University of Queensland
St Lucia QLD 4069, Australia

Associate Editor Bhagirath Singh Chauhan b.chauhan@uq.edu.au

Consultant,
ICRISAT,
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics
Patancheru, Hyderabad

Associate Editor A.N. Rao 9440372165 adusumilli.narayanarao@gmail.com

Editors

Professor,
Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana)

Ashok Kumar Yadav 9416995523 aky444@gmail.com

Professor & Head,
Division of Agronomy
FoA, Main Campus,
Chatha, SKUAST-Jammu (J&K)

B.C. Sharma 9419152428 drbhagwati@gmail.com

Principal
Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture
Affiliated to TNAU)
Manakkadavu, Pollachi-642103 (Tamil Nadu)

C. Chinnusamy 9443721575 chinnusamyc@gmail.com

Scientist,
ICAR - Directorate of Weed Research,
Jabalpur (Madhya Padesh)

Dibakar Ghosh 8989190213 dghoshagro@gmail.com

Principal Scientist
Department of Agronomy,
Assam Agricultural University
Jorhat - 785013 (Assam)

I.C. Barua 9435094326 iswar_barua@yahoo.co.in

Principal Scientist
PJTSAU, Hyderabad-30 (Telangana)

M. Madhavi 9491021999 molluru_m@yahoo.com

Assistant Agronomist
Directorate of Agriculture (Govt. of WB)
Kolkata 700001, West Bengal

Malay Kumar Bhowmick 9434239688 bhowmick_malay@rediffmail.com

Associate Professor
(Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry)
Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute (TNAU),
Trichy (Tamil Nadu)

P. Janaki 9443936160 janakibalamurugan@rediffmail.com

Assistant Chemist (Residue),
Department of Agronomy,
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhina-141 004 (Punjab)

Pervinder Kaur 9646105418 pervi_7@yahoo.co.in

Sr. Agronomist, Directorate of Extension Education
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana – 141004 (Punjab)

Simerjeet Kaur 9814081108 simer@pau.edu

College of Horticulture,
Vellanikkara. Thrissur – 680 656, (Kerala)

T. Girija 9447004940 girijavijai@gmail.com

Principal Scientist,
Directorate of Maize Research,
Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012

C.M. Parihar 9013172214 pariharcm@gmail.com

Indexing Indexing & Abstracting Services


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Volume- 49 | Issue-4 (Oct-Dec) | Year 2017

Tank mix application of selected herbicides and insecticides for weed and insect control in transplanted rice
S. Mohapatra and S.K. Tripathy
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00084.3 | Volume: 49 Page No:312-316 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

 

Post-emergence application of two insecticide molecules chloropyriphos 200 g/ha, fipronil 50 g/ha and three herbicide molecules chlorimuron-ethyl + metsulfuron-methyl at 4 g/ha, bispyribac-sodium at 25 g/ha, cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam at 135 g/ha were tested alone as well as in combination with an untreated control against grass, sedge, broad-leaf weed and stem borer for their compatibility during winter seasons 2015-16 and 2016-17. Tank mix application of cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam  + fipronil (135 + 50 g/ha) recorded lowest incidence of dead heart (0.59%), white ear (3.53%), total weed density (8 no./m2) and weed biomass ( 3.5 g/m2) and enhanced weed control efficiency (84.6%), grain yield (5.23 t/ha), net returns (` 40.44 x103/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (2.02). Dead heart percentage was less (0.59 to 1.55%) in sole fipronil and its combination with different herbicide than that of chloropyriphos (0.92 to 1.92%). There was no difference in grain yield of rice in treatments, which received application of cyhalofop-butyl + penoxsulam alone and with fipronil indicating the compatibility of herbicide with insecticide.

 

 

 

Email

sanjukta.mohapatra34@gmail.com

Address

Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha 768 025
Long term application of herbicides on soil microbial demography in rice -rice cropping sequence of North-East India
K. Mahanta, P. Dutta, D.J. Nath, J. Deka, I.C. Barua, N.C. Deka and A.K. Sarma
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00085.5 | Volume: 49 Page No:317-323 |
Address & Email | Article preview | View PFD | Download

Abstract:

Field study was carried out to determine the long term effect of herbicide application on soil microbial community in rice- rice cropping sequence in acid soil of North-East India. Treatment comprised of absolute control with one hand weeding, butachlor + 2,4-D with 100% NPK through chemical fertilizer, butachlor + 2,4-D with 75% NPK through chemical fertilizer and 25% through organic source, butachlor + 2,4-D rotated with pretilachlor with 100% NPK through chemical fertilizer and butachlor + 2,4-D rotated with pretilachlor with 75% NPK through chemical fertilizer 25% through organic source. Result revealed that, after 14 years of continuous use of herbicide and organic input along with recommended dose of fertilizer application demonstrated significant increase in the activity of acid phosphatase. The effect of herbicide application was more prominent with sole chemical fertilizer than with organic manure for 25% N fertilizer replacement. Dehydrogenase activity in soil was increased following herbicide application up to 14 days after that it again decreased more prominent with addition of organic manure than with chemical fertilizer. No characteristic trend of urease activity was observed after application of herbicide. Significant inhibition of respiration was observed after application of herbicide up to 14 days followed by gradual recovery afterwards. Microbial biomass carbon in soil was significantly enhanced by application of organic manure for 25% N fertilizer substitution. Under rice-rice cropping system, application of herbicide showed temporary decline in microbial population and enzyme activities up to 14 days. Application of organic manure for 25% N fertilizer substitution significantly enhanced the microbial population and enzyme activities as compared to sole application of chemical fertilizers. Further application of butachlor rotated with pretilachlor resulted in higher microbial population as well as enzyme activities.

 

Email

kaberi.jorhat@gmail.com

Address

Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785 013
Methods of seeding and cultivars effect on weed dynamics in direct-seeded rice under rainfed upland conditions of Nagaland
Noyingthung Kikon* and T. Gohain
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00086.7 | Volume: 49 Page No:324-328 |
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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted during Kharif season of 2009 and 2010 to study the effect of methods of seeding and rice cultivars on dynamics of weeds in direct-seeded rice under rainfed upland conditions of Nagaland. Two seeding methods viz., line seeding and broadcasting and four local direct-seeded rice cultivars, viz. ‘Kezie’, ‘Chongloiman’, ‘Leikhumo’ and ‘Kotsala’ were evaluated under the trial in split-plot design. A total of 29 weed species were recorded, out of which Digitaria setigera Roth ex Roem. & Schult, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Cyperus rotundus Linn., Borreria articularis (L. f.) F. N. Will., Ipomoea triloba L. and Mimosa pudica L. were the dominant weed species. The line sowing was found superior over broadcasting in recording lower density, biomass and relative weed growth rate of grass, sedge and broad-leaf weeds. It also recorded significantly higher grain yield of rice. Among the cultivars ,‘Chongloiman’ and ‘Kezie’ were at par with each other and recorded significantly lower density and biomass of associated grass, sedge and broad-leaved weeds. The highest grain yield during both the years was recorded by the cultivar ‘Chongloiman’ which was at par with ‘Kezie’.

 

Email

noyingkikon@gmail.com

Address

NU, SASRD, Department of Agronomy, Medziphema, Nagaland 797 106
Quantification of flufenacet residues in soil and wheat grain
Rubia Rasool, Pervinder Kaur, Anil Duhan1 and Makhan Singh Bhullar
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00087.9 | Volume: 49 Page No:329-334 |
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Abstract:

The terminal residues of flufenacet were quantified in soil and wheat grains. Flufenacet was applied at 250 and 300 g/ha on 21 and 35 days after the sowing of wheat at the Research Farm of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) method was used for the extraction of flufenacet from soil and grain samples. The herbicide residues were quantified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) equipped with UV-Vis detector and were confirmed with gas chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The average recoveries of flufenacet extracted from the matrix ranged from 80.9 to 93.0% and 88.0 to 96.2% when quantified using HPLC and GC-MS/MS, respectively with relative standard deviation less than 10%. Both HPLC and GC-MS/MS offer high reproducibility, however GC-MS/MS was more sensitive having limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) as 0.001 and 0.003 μg/g, respectively. Terminal residues of flufenacet in the soil and wheat grain samples were below the detectable limit. Thus, the use of flufenacet in wheat under sub-tropical humid conditions could be considered safe.

 

Email

rasiarasool@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004
Evaluation of herbicide combinations for controlling complex weed flora in wheat
S.S. Rana, D. Badiyala and Parita Brari
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00088.0 | Volume: 49 Page No:335-340 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 on a silty clay loam soil at Palampur. Avena ludoviciana (36.3%), Phalaris minor (27.5%), Lolium temulentum (13.9%), Anagallis arvensis (10%) and Coronopus didymus (6.9) were the major weeds. Herbicide combinations (pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + metribuzin 175 g/ha, pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb sulfosulfuron 18 g/ha, sulfosulfuron 20 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha, pinoxaden 60 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha, clodinafop 60 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha,  isoproturon 1.0 kg/ha + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha) were superior to sole application of herbicides (pendimethalin 1.25 kg/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha, metribuzin 210 g/ha and clodinafop 60 g/ha) in reducing weed count and dry weight and increasing plant height, number of tillers, crop dry matter, yield attributes and yield of wheat. Clodinafop + metsulfuron, pinoxaden + metsulfuron and pendimethalin fb metsulfuron being better than other combinations gave 28.6, 22.5 and 23.1% higher grain yield of wheat over hand weeding twice. Weeds reduced the grain yield by 51.9%. With unit increase in weed count per m2, the wheat grain yield was decreased by 13.3 kg/ha. The cost of weed control under herbicidal treatments was 9.0-28.9% of that under hand weeding lowest being under metribuzin and highest under pendimethalin fb sulfosulfuron. Clodinafop + metsulfuron gave the highest net returns due to weed control and marginal benefit: cost ratio (MBCR). Clodinafop + metsulfuron resulted in highest weed control efficiency (WCE), weed control index (WCI), crop resistance index (CRI), treatment efficiency index, crop intensity index and weed index. Weed management index, agronomic management index and integrated weed management index were highest under sulfosulfuron followed by clodinafop + metsulfuron. Based on overall impact index clodinafop + metsulfuron, pinoxaden + metsulfuron, sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron, pendimethalin fb sulfosulfuron and pendimethalin + metribuzin were recommended for effective weed management in wheat under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh.

Email

ranass_dee@rediffmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi, Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062
Bio-efficacy of different herbicides in greengram under irrigated condition of middle Gujarat
A. Mishra, D.D. Chaudhari, H.K. Patel, V.J. Patel and B.D. Patel
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00089.2 | Volume: 49 Page No:341-345 |
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Abstract:

A systemic field study on bioefficacy of different herbicides in greengram (Vigna radiata L.) under irrigated condition of Gujarat and its residual effect on succeeding mustard crop was conducted during Kharif 2014 and 2015 at AAU, Anand. Among the tested options, hand hoeing at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) and pre-emergence (PE) application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin ready mix (RM) at 1000 g/ha proved their supremacy in achieving highest seed yield (1.45 and 1.43 t/ha) with highest B:C of 2.91 & 2.88, respectively. These treatments provided season long control of weeds with the weed control efficiency (WCE) of 93% and 89%, respectively. Moreover, post-emergence (PoE) application of imazethapyr 70 and 80 g/ha or imazethapyr + imazamox ready mix (RM) 80 g/ha provided excellent WCE of more than 85%, but posed their negative impact on symbiotic parameters such as nodule number, plant dry weight and secured lower net return. Treatment receiving pre-emergence application of imazethapyr 80 g/ha was only found superior to achieve all profits with low input cost but did not control weeds effectively. Additionally, imazethapyr and its ready mix combination irrespective of dose did not show any residual effect to succeeding mustard crop.

Email

aks_soil85@rediffmail.com

Address

B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 388 110
Weed management in blackgram and its residual effect on succeeding mustard crop
R.R. Upasani, Sheela Barla, Deeba Hassan and A.N. Puran
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00090.9 | Volume: 49 Page No:346-349 |
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Abstract:

The investigation was undertaken at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi during Kharif, 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with sixteen treatments replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of pre- and post-emergence of imazathepyr 50, 70 and 80 g/ha; pre- and post-emergence of ready mix imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% (Odyssey) 50, 70 and 80 g/ha; pre-emergence (PE) of pendimethalin 1000 g/ha, ready mix imazethapyr 2% + pendimethalin 30% (Vallor) 1000 g/ha, hoeing twice and weedy check. Post-emergence (PoE) of imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% 70 g/ha similar to PE of imazethapyre 80 g/ha, imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% 70 g/ha, imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% 80 g/ha, pendimethalin 1000 g/ha and PoE of imazethapyr 80 g/ha, imazethapyr 35% + imazamox 35% 50 g/ha recorded 69.86 and 126.72% significantly higher seed (1.12 t/ha) and straw yield (2.33 t/ha) respectively, 168.63% higher net return (` 24,126/-) and 192.41% higher B:C ratio (2.31) compared to weedy check owing to 87.29 and 86.08% weed control efficiency.

Email

upasani.ravikant@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834 006
Herbicides for weed management in lentil under rainfed drought prone ecology of Bihar
G.S. Panwar, Suborna Roy Choudhury, Sanjay Kumar, Amarendra Kumar, Ashok Yadav, R.G. Singh and Sudhanshu Singh
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00091.0 | Volume: 49 Page No:350-355 |
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Abstract:

In context of the emerging challenge of weed management in lentil under rainfed drought prone ecologies in India, a field experiment was conducted in the winter seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to evaluate the performance of different herbicides in lentil under rainfed conditions. Among the herbicidal treatments, the maximum plant height (40.5 cm), plant population (143.7 plants/m2), branches per plant (5.67), pods per plant (59.03), nodules per plant (21.27), dry weight of nodules per plant (29.44 mg) and dry matter accumulation (486.30 g/m2) of lentil at maturity were recorded in plots treated with pendimethalin (pre-emergence) followed by quizalofop-ethyl (post-emergence) at 750 g and 50 g/ha. Pendimethalin followed by quizalofop-ethyl recorded significantly lower weed index (12.97%) with higher grain yield (1741.0 kg/ha) as compared with control and it was closely followed by pendimethalin alone (14.64%). Imazamox plus imazethapyr caused severe crop phytotoxicity and the crop had a slow growth and reduced crop biomass. The maximum benefit cost ratio of 3.83 was recorded in the plot treated with pendimethalin at 750 g/ha (pre-emergence) as compared to other herbicides. Thus, pendimethalin alone and with quizalofop-ethyl were equally effective in controlling the broad-spectrum of weeds in lentil with high yield advantage.

Email

gspanwarbau@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar 813 210
Fertility levels and weed management influence on weed dynamics, yield and nutrient uptake in lentil
Pradeep Kumar, J.P. Singh, M.K. Singh and Lakhapati Singh
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00092.2 | Volume: 49 Page No:356-359 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2012–13 and 2013–14 at Varanasi (U.P.) to evaluate the effect of fertility levels and weed management on lentil and associated weeds. Cyperus rotundus, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum and Cynodon dactylon were the major weeds found in association with lentil. Application of 75% RDF + Plantgro 9 kg/ha (foliar spray at 35, 50 and 65 DAS) recorded minimum density and dry matter accumulation of weeds and recorded higher yield attributes, yield (1.28 t/ha) and nutrient uptake by the crop followed by 100% RDF + 2% urea spray at pre-flowering and pod initiation. Among herbicides, application of imazethapyr 37.5 g/ha minimized the density and dry matter accumulation by weeds, and significantly increased yield attributes, yield and nutrient uptake by crop.

Email

pk3918@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005
Groundnut productivity and profitability as influenced by weed control measures
S.P. Singh, R.S. Yadav, Amit Kumawat, R.C. Bairwa and M.L. Reager
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00093.4 | Volume: 49 Page No:360-363 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Agriculture Research Station, SK Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during Kharif seasons of 2015 and 2016 to test the efficiency of herbicides in groundnut. The experiment comprised of 14 weed control treatments arranged in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Among the different herbicides tested,  imazethapyr + pendamethalin 1000 g/ha recorded lowest weed density and weed biomass of both broad-leaved and grassy-weeds and significantly highest dry matter accumulation, number of pods/plant, pod, haulm and biological yield in groundnut over all the other herbicidal treatments.

Email

spbhakar2010@gmail.com

Address

Agricultural Research Station, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334 006
Halosulfuron + metribuzin effect on weed control in sugarcane and their carry over effect on succeeding lentil
V. Pratap Singh, Navneet Pareek, S.P. Singh, K.P. Raverkar, Kavita Satyawali, Neema Bisht, Neeshu Joshi, A. Kumar, and Shikhar Kaushik
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00094.6 | Volume: 49 Page No:364-369 |
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Abstract:

The study was conducted at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during rainy seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to evaluate the efficacy of halosulfuron 12% + metribuzin 55% WG ready-mix (RM) coded as CPL-1255 in sugarcane, and its carry over impact on succeeding lentil. The maximum weed suppression and the highest weed control efficiency were obtained with application of halosulfuron + metribuzin (RM) at higher doses (600 and 900 g/ha) applied as post-emergence, and were significantly better than the alone application of atrazine 50% WP and 2,4-D amine salt 50% SL at recommended doses. Combination of halosulfuron + metribuzin (RM) even applied at 600 g/ha was also found superior over atrazine 50% WP at 2000 g and 2,4-D amine 58% SL at 3500 g/ha while execution of twice hoeing (30 and 60 day after planting (DAP)) was also comparable to combination of halosulfuron + metribuzin at lower and higher doses at 450 and 900 g/ha, respectively, during 2012 and only to lower dose during 2013 with respect to cane yield. The ready mix application of halosulfuron + metribuzin at any dose did not pronounce any phytotoxic effect on sugarcane as well as carry over effect on the succeeding lentil in respect to germination, growth and grain yield. Overall microbial population was higher before application and decreased after application of herbicide at harvest. Herbicidal treated plots had no significant effect on bacterial counts. There was drastic reduction in microbial population at 7 day after application (DAA) of herbicide and increased thereafter. At harvest overall population of actinomycetes varied from 43.7% to 20.1% over weedy check.

Email

vpratapsingh@rediffmailmail.com

Address

College of Agriculture, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145
Integrated weed management in turmeric
G.N. Dhanapal, M.T. Sanjay and P. Nagarjun
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00095.8 | Volume: 49 Page No:370-373 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2014 and 2015 at Agriculture and Horticulture Research Station, Kathalagere, Davanagere district of Karnataka state, to study the effect of various weed management practices on weed density, weed dry weight, growth, yield and economics of turmeric. Pre-emergence (PE) application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha fb two hand weeding on 45 and 75 DAP recorded the highest rhizome yield, weed control efficiency, net returns and B:C ratio (23.2 t/ha, 89.2%, ` 1,45,309/ha and 2.50, respectively) in 2014. Whereas, PE application of oxyflourfen at 0.30 kg/ha fb 2 hand weeding on 45 and 75 DAP recoded the highest rhizome yield, weed control efficiency, net returns and B:C ratio (21.9 t/ha, 89.1%, ` 133236/ha and 2.60, respectively) in 2015. Integrated weed management using a broad-spectrum PE herbicide like pendimethalin or oxyflourfen fb 2 hand weedings on 45 and 75 DAP was effective in controlling weeds and obtaining higher yield and economic returns in turmeric.

Email

dhanapalgm@yahoo.com

Address

University of Agricultural Sciences (B), MRS, Hebbal, Bengaluru Karnataka 560 024
Weed management in guava orchards
J.S. Brar, K.S. Gill, N.K. Arora, M.I.S. Gill and Tarundeep Kaur
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00096.X | Volume: 49 Page No:374-377 |
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Abstract:

The comparative efficacy of orchard soil management practices like mulching (paddy straw, white polythene, black polythene) and weed control methods (mechanical and chemical) were evaluated for managing weeds growth in guava orchard. A weedy plot was also kept as control for comparative assessment of different orchard floor management practices. The results revealed a significant effect of different treatments on grassy as well as broad-leaf weeds in the orchard. Although the black polythene mulch kept the area weed free throughout the season, the paddy straw mulch exhibited promising results, with 69.1 and 93.2% reduction in total weed biomass during first and second year of application, respectively. The white polythene was poor performer as it resulted in heavy weed growth under the mulch and tearing of polythene sheet. Chemical weed management as well as mechanical weeding also reduced the intensity of weeds but resurgence of weeds resulted significantly higher weed biomass compared to paddy straw mulch. The paddy straw mulch exhibited potential to manage weeds in guava orchard.

Email

jsbrar74@pau.edu

Address

Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 001
Efficacy of post-emergence herbicides alone and as tank mixtures on weed control, growth and yield of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa)
A.S. Rao
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00097.1 | Volume: 49 Page No:378-380 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2010-11 and 2011-12 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh to evaluate the efficacy of post-emergence herbicides alone and as tank mixtures on weed control, growth and fibre yield of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa). The post-emergence treatments applied at 20 days after sowing (DAS) include, fenoaxaprop-ethyl 56, quizalofop-ethyl 50, pyrithiobac 63 g/ha alone and tank mixtures of fenoxaprop-ethyl 56 + pyrithiobac 63 g/ha, quizalofop-ethyl 50 + pyrithiobac 63 g/ha in comparison with standard herbicide, pendimethalin 750 g/ha (pre-emergence), hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check. All the treatments were replicated thrice in a randomized block design. Results indicated that post-emergence (PoE) tank mix application of pyrithiobac 63 g/ha with quizalofop-ethyl 50 or fenoxaprop-ethyl 56 g/ha reduced weed growth at par with pre-emergence (PE) application of pendimethalin 750 g/ha both at 60 DAS and harvest. Post-emergence application of pyrithiobac 63 g/ha either alone or as tank mixture with fenoxaprop-ethyl 56,or quizalofop-ethyl 50 g/ha caused upto 40% injury to roselle crop at 14 days after application. All the weed control treatments significantly influenced crop growth and fibre yield. Among the weed control treatments, maximum fibre yield (2.36 t/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.65) was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 750 g/ha and was at par with alone PoE application of fenoxaprop-ethyl 56 g/ha (2.11 t/ha) and quizalofop-ethyl 50 g/ha (2.03 t/ha). None of the treatments could reach the level of hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, which significantly recorded the highest fibre yield (2.91 t/ha). Season long weed competition caused 46% reduction in fibre yield of roselle. It was concluded that the pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 750 g/ha was found to be effective and economical in controlling weeds in roselle.

Email

atlurisrao@gmail.com

Address

Integrated Weed Management Unit, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522 034
Effect of weed management practices on productivity and profitability of jute fibre
Sarika Jena, Mukesh Kumar, Sabyasachi Mitra, R.K. Paikray and A.K. Ghorai
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00098.3 | Volume: 49 Page No:381-384 |
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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted at Kendrapara, Odisha to find out suitable and cost effective weed management practices for jute. Different doses of pre-emergence butachlor (both liquid and granule formulation) and post-emergence (quizalofop-ethyl) herbicides followed by (fb) one hand weeding (HW) were tested in jute crop and the treatment effects were compared with unweeded and two hand weeding treatments. Application of quizalofop-ethyl 60 g/ha at 20 days after crop emergence (DAE) followed by one HW at 15-20 days after herbicide application recorded higher weed control efficiency (78.3%), plant height (351 cm), basal diameter (1.40 cm) and fiber yield (2.9 t/ha) of jute as well as higher B:C ratio (2.13) compared to other weed control treatments. Values of the said parameters recorded with the quizalofop-ethyl treatment were statistically at par with those recorded with two hand weeding. Butachlor 1.5 kg/ha fb one HW at 20 DAE was the next best treatment with respect to weed control efficiency (68.7%), plant height (341.0 cm), basal diameter (1.39 cm), fibre yield (2.64 t/ha), and B:C ratio (1.99). Thus application of pre-emergence herbicide butachlor 1.5 kg/ha or post-emergence herbicide quizalofop-ethyl 60 g/ha in combination with one manual weeding may be recommended to the jute growers as more effective and economic weed control practices compared to the existing manual weeding practice.

Email

mukesh.agro@gmail.com

Address

Jute Research Station, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Kendrapara, Odisha 754 211
Germination ecology of wrinkle grass (Ischaemum rugosum) population of Indo-Gangetic plain region
Navjyot Kaur, Renu Sethi and Makhan S. Bhullar
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00099.5 | Volume: 49 Page No:385-390 |
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Abstract:

Wrinkle grass (Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.) is a highly competitive weed in rice production that can cause huge yield reductions. Information on germination ecology of this weed is essential for the development of effective integrated weed management systems. No information is available on germination ecology for populations of this weed from Indo-Gangetic plain region of India. This study was conducted to generate information on effects of major environmental factors, viz. light, temperature, burial depth, moisture, salinity and pH on germination/emergence of this weed. Seed germination was independent of light and more than 50% germination was recorded under a wide temperature range of 20/10 to 35/25 °C day/night (12/12 h). Maximum emergence was observed when seeds were placed on surface or buried up to 1 cm; but considerable emergence was also observed from deeper soil layers (up to 6 cm depth). Germination was above 75% at 160 mM but completely inhibited at 320 mM of NaCl. Germination was sensitive to moisture stress and was completely inhibited at water potential of -0.8 MPa. Seeds were able to germinate under wide pH range of 3-10.

Email

navjyot_grewal@yahoo.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004
Phototransformation of isoproturon in soil
Partha P. Choudhury and Rohit Pandey
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00100.9 | Volume: 49 Page No:391-395 |
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Abstract:

The present experiment was conducted with an objective to reveal the photochemical behaviour of isoproturon on different soil surfaces, viz. red, black and alluvial soil under sunlight. The half-life values of isoproturon on glass surface was  found as 25.38 days. But on soil surfaces, the rate of photolysis was changed with half-life values of 20.76, 27.38 and 28.02 days under sunlight for red, black and alluvial soil, respectively. The slower reaction rate on the surfaces of black and alluvial soil was due to the quenching effect imparted by humic substances, which were absent on glass surface and less in red soil. The sunlight-irradiated extracts of isoproturon and its degradation products were analysed by LC-MS/MS using electrospray interfacing technique and the structures of six different photoproducts were characterised by their respective spectra as 3-(4-isopropyl-2/3-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1-hydroxymethylurea (I), 3-(4-isopropyl-2/3-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl)urea (II), 3-(4-isopropyl-2/3-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1-(N-methylcarbamoyl)urea (III), 3-(4-isopropyl-2/3-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1-carbamoyl urea (IV), N-dimethyl-N-methyl urea (V), N-dimethyl-N-dimethyl urea (VI). The products were mainly formed through demethylation, ring oxidation and rearrangement. Thus, sunlight induced photodegradation may contribute in the dissipation of isoproturon in soil minimising the load of environmental hazards.

Email

parthatinku@yahoo.com

Address

ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004
Herbicides effect on fish mortality and water quality in relation to chemical control of alligator weed
Sushilkumar, Shobha Sondhia and Kamlesh Vishwakarma
Full length articles | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00101.0 | Volume: 49 Page No:396-400 |
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Abstract:

Effect of three herbicides namely 2,4-D, metsulfuron-methyl and glyphosate was evaluated on fish mortality and water quality in relation to control of aquatic form of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; Family, Amaranthaceae). All herbicides caused fish mortality and affected water quality after application, but it was highest in 2,4-D treated tanks followed by glyphosate and metsulfuron-methyl. Herbicide did not cause fish mortality at 1 DAA (days after application) but it caused at 7 DAA and increased corresponding to increase in concentration and days. Fish mortality was recorded lowest in herbicides treated tanks that were having only water but no weeds. Significantly higher fish mortality occurred in 2,4-D treated tanks having weeds. This reflected that fish mortality was more due to decaying of weeds, which decreased dissolved oxygen drastically in the water tanks. Herbicides did not affect fish development because growth and weight of fish was highest in water tanks treated with herbicides having no weeds. All the herbicides significantly decreased pH in treated tanks than control at 0 and 1 DAA, however, it was resumed towards normalisation in due course. The decrease in pH was least in the tanks having weeds and treated with metsulfuron-methyl followed by glyphosate and 2,4-D. Further, decrease in pH was less in water tanks having no weeds than having weeds. All the herbicides significantly decreased the dissolved oxygen (DO) at 0 day in water tanks with and without weeds except metsulfuron-methyl in the tanks having no weeds. Decrease in DO was more prominent in 2,4-D treated tanks followed by glyphosate and metsulfuron-methyl. Dissolved oxygen was least affected in tanks having no weeds.

Email

sknrcws@gmail.com

Address

ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004
Lolium, an emerging grassy weed of wheat in Haryana and its chemical control
S.S. Punia, Dharam Bir Yadav and V.K. Sindhu
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00102.2 | Volume: 49 Page No:401-402 |
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Abstract:

.

Email

puniasatbir@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004
Pre- and post-emergence herbicides for weed control in maize
P. Vinaya Lakshmi and M. Martin Luther
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00103.4 | Volume: 49 Page No:403-404 |
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Abstract:

Experiment was carried out during Kharif, 2015 at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla.  Among the herbicides tested, pre-emergence application of atrazine 1.0 kg/ha + post-emergence application of halosulfuron-methyl 90 g/ha registered the lowest density (no./m2) and biomass of weeds (g/ha) and highest weed control efficiency (%) and yield of maize and this was statistically at par with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 1.5 kg/ha + post-emergence application of halosulfuron-methyl 90 g/ha.

Email

vinaya.podapati126@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh 522 101
Integrated weed management in Bt cotton
A.B. Kamble, N.J. Danawale and Rajendrakumar
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00104.6 | Volume: 49 Page No:405-408 |
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Abstract:

Application of pendimethalin PE 1.0 kg/ha or oxyfluorfen PE 0.1 kg/ha fb pyrithiobac-sodium PoE 75 g/ha at 45 DAS + one inter culturing through mechanical weeder 60 DAS in Bt. cotton recorded significantly lowest total weed density, weed biomass, weed index and weed persistence index while higher WCE, herbicide efficiency index, crop resistance index also higher seed cotton, lint, stalk yield, net returns and B:C ratio.

Email

drarunkamble@gmail.com

Address

Department of Agronomy, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra 413 722
Flurochloridone -A promising herbicide for weed management in carrot
Ramesh Kumar Singh, Neelam Bisen and Meena Rani
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00105.8 | Volume: 49 Page No:409-410 |
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Abstract:

Field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at agricultural research farm of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) to study the bio-efficiency of flurochloridone on narrow and broad-leaved weeds in carrot. Flurochloridone 500, 625 and 750 g/ha, pendimethalin 1000 g/ha and metribuzin 525 g/ha were applied as pre-emergence. Maximum reduction in different weed species biomass was observed with flurochloridone 750 g/ha followed by flurochloridone 625 g/ha. Weed control efficiency was highest with flurochloridone at 750 g/ha for all the weed species. Carrot yield was maximum with two hand weeded treatment (31.14 t/ha) and was comparable to flurochloridone 750 g/ha and flurochloridone 625 kg/ha.

Email

neelam.bisen25@gmail.com

Address

Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005
Three fungal pathogens associated with horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) in North India
Vikas Kumar, Neeraj Kumar Aggarwal1 and Kamal Rai Aneja
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00106.X | Volume: 49 Page No:411-413 |
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Abstract:

A number of phytopathogenic fungi are known to be associated with horse purslane. Three new fungal pathogens have been found to be associated with horse purslane, which may be used for the preparation of mycoherbicide. There may be possibility to prepare cultural blends with suitable adjuvants. One of the fungal pathogen, Gibbago trianthema, has shown the potential to be used as successful biological control agent. New phytopathogenic fungal genera reported during this study, can be further exploited for the biological control of horse purslane.

Email

vmeashi@gmail.com

Address

Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Haryana 133207
Weed manager (App for mobile): Harnessing innovations in Indian farming
P.K. Singh, Sandeep Dhagat and Yogita Gharde
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00107.1 | Volume: 49 Page No:414-416 |
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Abstract:

Agricultural system in India is an amalgamation of various sub-systems where information need is very critical at various stages starting from input supply and production till finally reaching to consumer doorsteps. The farming system faces a plethora of problems including weed management and to solve these problems, Weed Manager – a mobile App can provide real time weed management information to farmers and other agriculture stakeholders to improve decision making ability to manage weeds to increase their production and productivity.

Email

drsinghpk@gmail.com

Address

ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004
Comparative efficacy of fumes of some weeds and oleo-gum resin of guggul (Commiphora wightii) on air microflora
Neelu Singh, Sandeep Kumar and Chitra
Short communications | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2017.00108.3 | Volume: 49 Page No:417-419 |
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Abstract:

Presence of air microbes such as bacteria is reported to be associated with a number of illnesses. Chemical based cleaning products and fumigants available in the market have their limitations and sometimes pose severe ill effects on health of mankind.  In order to explore the potential of weeds as bio-fumigant to reduce microflora in indoors, experiments were conducted with the fumes of three weeds namely purple fleabean Vernonia cinerea (Compositae), coat buttons Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae), Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) and oleo-gum resin of guggul  Commiphora wightii (Burseraceae), an important ingredient of Yajnya ‘Havan samigri’ (composition of different herbal ingredients). The study revealed significant reduction in bacterial colonies (cfu/15 m) after fumigation in Petri-plates exposed to the air. Per cent reduction of bacterial count over control (before fumigation) was recorded as 79.7, 83.7, 67.3 and 82.3% and 76.7, 80.7, 61.0 and 77.3% by V. cinerea, T. procumbens, L.camara and C. wightii after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The findings of the present study highlights that these weeds can be utilized as an ingredient in preparation of herbal fumigants for cleaning the indoors.

Email

singhn@icfre.org

Address

Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 021

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