Parthenium hysterophorus, Infestation, Agriculture crops, E. sativa, Yield loss
Parthenium hysterophorus L. (family Asteraceae), commonly known as Parthenium weed is known for its notorious role as an environmental, medical and agricultural hazard. The study was carried out to see the status of Parthenium infestation and its effect on yield losses caused to various cereals, oil, pulse, forage, sugar, vegetable, agroforestry and flowering crops cultivated in Haryana and some parts of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi. Of the total 25 crops surveyed in different seasons, Parthenium was recorded in three cereals viz. rice (Ory za sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare). However, it was not recorded in maize (Zea mays) and pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides), the other commonly grown cereals in the States. Among different crops, the severe infestation of Parthenium was recorded in Saccharum officinarum (64.15%) followed by Eruca sativa (63.35%), Helianthus annuus (57.85%), Brassica campestris (57.63%), Trifolium alexandrinum (56.91%) and Populus sp. (54.63%). The vegetable crop infested by Parthenium weed included lady’s fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus), onion (Allium cepa), garlic (A. sativum), carrot (Daucus carota), cucumber (Cucurbita maxima), potato (Solanum tuberosum) and leguminous fodder Eegyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). Maximum losse due to Parthenium infestation was observed in E. sativa (55%) and sunflower (52.5%).