The vulnerability of the freshwater ecosystem due to the global atmospheric changes is an agonizing concern. Exacerbating greenhouse gases, the temperature and ill-considered anthropogenic activities are manifesting the disruption in the ecosystems worldwide including the freshwater ecosystem. The objective of this review work is scrutinization of the invasive, alien, and stress-tolerant aquatic plant species – how their augmentation and endurance are facilitated by myriad factors (both biotic and abiotic) with a special focus on Indian climatic condition. The groundwork is concentrated mainly on the few invasive aquatic weeds like Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Pistia stratiotes L., Salvinia molesta D.S.Mitch., and Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. as they are more problematic and more pernicious. However, the other less invasive ones should not be underestimated as they can also boom any time in the future due to the impact of climate change and might cause havoc. In this paper, we have tabulated 130 species of alien and invasive freshwater hydrophytes and evaluated discrete forces that might promote their invasiveness. The temperature, precipitation, wind pattern, salinity, nutrient concentration, natural calamities (like flood and drought), elevation, run-offs, habitat fragmentation, and many other elements diminishing the natural biogeochemistry of the freshwater ecosystem. The hydrophytes invasiveness undermines the society, ecologically and economically as well. There are more than one hundred freshwater invasive hydrophytes, found in India. Aquatic macrophytes rather than hydrophytes are the imperative unit of the freshwater ecosystem by providing food, oxygen, and habitat for aquatic organisms including enormous imperiled ones too and thus playing a crucial role in maintaining the food web. But the invasiveness of the alien species restrains all-embracing ecological balance, and also getting promoted due to some environmental issues like increased temperature, nutrient enrichment, humanitarian interferences. Undoubtedly, the management of invasive species is a prodigious challenge. It is candidly essential to be aware of the way and effects of climate change on the freshwater ecosystem for the better understanding and scope to implement potential management measurements - physical, mechanical, chemical, and biological to preserve the indigenous ecological aspects for the freshwater ecosystem. Such studies shall help the investigators attain better perception about these plants and will provide scope to excel in strategic management under changing climatic conditions.