The aim of this study was to examine the bioactive compounds of Physalis longifolia Nutt.  growing in northern part of India utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The leaf extracts showed remarkable antioxidant activity in DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) radical scavenging activity and FRAP (Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assay) as compared to fruit extracts, evidenced by their lower IC50 value. The leaves and fruit extracts of P. longifolia included 25 different compounds, including saturated fatty acid esters, organosilicons, mono- and poly-unsaturated omega-6 fatty acids. Methyl linoleate (11.89%), methyl palmitate (20.38%), methyl stearate (22.90%), cyclotetrasiloxane (octamethyl) (18.99%), and heptadecanoic acid methyl ester (0.18%) are among the most prominent bioactive substances. The phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of P. longifolia leaves and fruits revealed the presence of bioactive compounds with important medicinal properties.