Integrated weed management, direct seeded rice, weed flora, nutrient use efficiency
A field study was carried out during kharif seasons of 2006 and 2007 at university research farm for generating information on weed flora and to work out integrated weed management practices with its economics in dry direct seeded kharif rice. Among the weed flora, emergence of grasses like Cynodon dactylon and Echinochloa colona, sedges like Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria and Fimbristylis miliacea and broad-leaved weeds like Ludwigia parviflora, Ageratum conyzoides, Spilanthes paniculata, Eclipta alba and Enhydra fluctuans were recorded during experimentation. Among the integrated weed management practices, butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-plant surface application followed by practices of brown manuring and post-emergence application of 2,4-D 0.50 kg/ha at 40 days after sowing recorded highest grain yield (3.0 and 3.88 t/ha), highest net returns (Rs.11889 and 19029/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (0.74 and 1.19) during both the years of investigation. The grain yield was statistically at par with the grain yield (3.14 and 3.98 t/ha) obtained from season long weed free condition. There has been considerable improvement in nutrient use efficiency due to adoption of weed control practices coupled with nitrogen management and among the integrated weed management practices highest nutrient use efficiency of N (50.00 and 64.67 kg grain yield/kg nutrient applied), P (229.36 and 296.64 kg grain yield/kg nutrient applied) and K (90.36 and 116.87 kg grain yield/kg nutrient applied) were highest with butachlor 1.5 kg/ha + brown manuring + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha in both the years.