A field experiment was conducted at Varanasi during 2005-06 and 2006-07 to find out the most sustainable and economically feasible weed management technologies for realizing high yield of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)-zero till wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) system. The treatments comprised five different weed management practices for rice (anilophos 500 g/ha, wheat straw mulch 2 t/ha, eucalyptus leaf leachate spray 3% at 30 days after sowing (DAS), stale seed bed and weedy check) and wheat (mechanical weeding at 15 and 30 DAS, rice straw mulch 2 t/ha, neem oil spray 3% at 30 DAS, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha at 30 DAS and weedy check) under same rates of seed (75, 100, 125 and 150 kg seeds/ha). In rice crop, the seed rate of 100 kg/ha caused the highest decrease in weed dry matter accumulation and led significantly higher rice yield and NPK uptake over other seed rates. Application of anilophos at 500 g/ha recorded significantly lower dry matter accumulation of weeds, and in turn increased rice yield and NPK uptake than the other weed management practices. This treatment gave 45.4% increase in rice grain yield over weedy check. In case of wheat grown after rice, 125 kg seed/ha reduced dry matter accumulation of weeds, and resulted in the highest wheat yield and NPK uptake which was similar to 100 kg seed/ha, but was significantly superior to 75 and 150 kg seeds/ha. Mechanical weeding done twice at 15 and 30 days stage was found most effective in reducing weed dry matter accumulation, and maximizing wheat yield and NPK uptake which was at par with sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha at 30 DAS. Mechanical weeding at 15 and 30 DAS registered 31.4% increase in wheat grain yield over weedy check. Net return and benefit: cost ratio in rice-wheat system were the highest (Rs. 41347/ha and 2.66) with 100 kg seed/ha to both the crops and in weed management treatments, maximum net return and benefit: cost ratio Rs.13310/ha and 0.87 were recorded with anilophos 500 g/ha in rice, and Rs.29922/ha and 1.82 with sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha in wheat. For realizing higher yield, economic gain and effective weed management in direct seeded rice and zero-till wheat system, 100 kg seed/ha of rice and wheat should be applied with anilophos at 500 g/ha to rice crop and 125 kg seed/ha alongwith sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha at 30 DAS to the succeeding wheat crop.