Water use efficiency, weed management, complex weed flora
Field experiments were conducted on loamy sand soils of Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during kharif season of 2006 and on sandy loam soil of the seed farms of Ladhowal and Kapurthala during 2007 to find out optimum seed rate and weed management practices in irrigated direct dry-seeded rice. A seed rate of 37.5 to 45 kg/ha depending upon varieties was found optimum for successful cultivation of direct-seeded rice (DSR). Weeds in DSR can be controlled effectively with the integration of post-emergence (25-30 DAS) application of bispyribac 25 g/ha or azimsulfuron 20 g/hawith pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha. Application of pendimethalin alone was found inadequate for controlling complex weed flora of DSR. Integration of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha with post-emergence application of bispyribac 25 g/ha or azimsulfuron 20 g/ha produced 61.7 and 42.1% higher yield, respectively, than alone application of pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha.