Crop establishment, Direct-seeded rice, Weed management, Weed persistence index, Zero-tillage
A field study was undertaken to evaluate the crop establishment and weed management options for direct-seeded rice (DSR) in the Institute for Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, India during rainy season in 2008 and 2009. The weed flora were grasses as Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa crusgalli, Cynodon dactylon, Paspalum spp., sedges as Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus iria and broad-leaved weeds like Caesulia axillaris. Data were recorded on weed dynamics, crop growth and yield of the direct-seeded rice crop. Rice established by zero-till DSR with 40 cm anchored residue had minimum density of grasses, sedges and broad-leaved weeds and dry weight at 60 DAS. Among weed management methods, use of pendimethalin 1000 g/ha (pre-em) fb azimsulfuron 35 g/ha at 15-20 DAS + one HW at 40 DAS proved to be most effective in minimizing the weed density, dry weight and weed persistence index (0.08 and 0.04) and in enhancing the weed control efficiency (72.04% and 76.77%). The maximum grain yield, straw yield and biological yield was found with application of pendimethalin 1000 g/ha (pre-em) fb azimsulfuron 35 g/ha at 15-20 DAS + one HW at 40 DAS, which was significantly superior to rest of the treatments during both the years of experimentation.