Depth and periodicity of Phalaris minor emergence were recorded in wheat sown under different establishment methods after rice which was also planted adopting various establishment methods. Maximum depth of emergence of P minor was 5.92 cm under conventionally tilled wheat sown after transplanted rice, whereas minimum depth of 0.91 cm was recorded in zero tillage wheat after direct seeded rice without puddling (DS). Maximum P minor population emerged from 0-3 cm depth under all the wheat establishment methods. In both conventionally tilled and zero tilled wheat after direct seeded unpuddled and puddled rice, there was no emergence of P minor from 6-9 cm depth but still 5% population could emerge from this layer after transplanted rice. Conventionally tilled wheat had more weed population than zero tilled wheat after any rice establishment method. Under conventionally tilled wheat field before irrigation, there was 16% increase in P minor density during 15 to 20 DAS but after first irrigation, the density of this weed increased by 175% during 20 to 40 DAS. In zero tilled wheat, the density of this weed increased by 61% before irrigation and after irrigation this increase was only 102%.