Cannabis sativa, Punjab, Survey, Weed, Wheat
Wheat fields of three agro-climatic zones, viz. submontane zone (districts Roopnagar and Hoshiarpur), central zone (Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Ludhiana and Moga) and arid irrigated zone (districts Bathinda, Muktsar and Faridkot) were surveyed for recording weed flora during the month of March in 2014 and 2015. The major weed flora included four broad-leaf weeds Cannabis sativa, The most noteworthy change was increase in the frequency of C. sativa over two years. C. sativa which was earlier a weed of non-cropped areas has started infesting wheat fields also. The frequency of C. sativa in districts Ludhiana, Kapurthala, Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur increased from 30.8-54.6% in 2014 to 45.6-83.6% in 2015. In districts Roopnagar, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and Moga, the frequency of this weed increased from 0-10.6% in 2014 to 11.9-19.8% in 2015. The survey indicated that C. sativa is likely to become a major weed of wheat in near future in four districts viz., Ludhiana, Kapurthala, Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur.